HISTORICAL OF THE HYPNOSIS

 THAT CULMINATES IN THE AUTOHYPNOSIS OR AUTOSUGGESTION

 

The old religious practices, involving the accomplished rituals, they brought, implicit, the idea of the hypnosis. In the low reliefs of Egypt we see the temples of Tebas and of Isis, considered as temples of the sleep, because there the students received asleep classes. Greece and Rome import the technique. In the temple of Aesculapius, the students received class in deep sleep.

1.493-1.540 - Paracelsus affirms that mind and imagination influences on the health. It was Paracelsus who introduced the magnet which seems, to be a Chinese practical. Their observations inspired Mesmer.

1.734-1.815 - Mesmer works with mineral and animal magnetism. King Eduardo, the Confessor, of England, touched the followers knelt.

1.756-1.819 - Abbot Faria - Hypnologist, denies the magnetism of Mesmer.

1.795-1.860 - James Braid or Brade - British surgeon. He is one of the initiators of the hypnotism. He restudies Mesmer and he gives the hypnosis name, because he thinks that the process is more psychological than just magnetism.

1.825-1.893 - Jean Martin Charcot. He works in “Salpetrière” with hysteria, but in a more scientific way than Mesmer. He notices that the phenomenon of the hypnosis is turned off of the magnetism of the magnet, but he misses saying to be alone for hysterics. Liebeault, contemporary of Bernheim, working at Nancy's School, he founds the therapy by suggestion. He didn't charge for the treatment of hypnosis. He treats client of Bernheim and they become friends. He concluded that every person in the daily life is hypnotizable. There was not need of the mineral magnetism and it was not only for hysterics.

1.837-1.919 - Bernheim (Hippolyte). In the middle of 1.800, he visits Nancy's School and he publishes "Of the suggestion." He sees the suggestion as base of the phenomenon of the hypnotism. For being very considered, he begins to interest the scientific world.

1.856-1.939 - Freud - he is Interested in the hypnotism. He meets Charcot and he begins using the hypnotism, but later he substitutes by the free association, what makes the hypnosis to pass for great forgetfulness lapse, falling, inclusive, in exploiters' hands.

1.857_1.926 - Emile Coué - he popularizes the autosuggestion. He was pharmaceutical and French psychotherapist. He leaves bibliography and the report of a lot of experiences.

 In 1.879, Mary Baker Eddy founds the Christian Science, divulging the physical and spiritual cure. She gets well from a fracture in the column, by the power of the thought.

 Born in 1.884, Schultz formulates the technique of the Autogenous Training. It was very employed during the wars.

Since then, many methods appear with the same drift – The Power of the Thought, Silva Mind Control, Dynamics of the Mind, Psycho-cybernetics and, on that same occasion, it passes for the Occident, with the whole emphasis, the Transcendental Meditation.