"BUDDHA"
Zélia de Toledo Piza
Buddha, with some divergences among the writers was born around of 500 aC. He accomplishes the union among the schools of Chinese and Hindu philosophy.
Buddha was a prince with the name of Siddharta and he lived in the palace enjoying a life calm, tranquil and happy.
Certain day, when leaving the castle, he comes across several afflicting scenes, scenes that he had never imagined to exist and he notices that there was pain by everywhere - hunger, disease, old age and death.
Disappointed with the human suffering, he abandons the comfort of the palace and he becomes an itinerant ascetic under the name of Gautama.
Close to a Brahman master, absorbs in depth the teachings of Sankhya. He abandons this master to join another one that teaches him the secrets of the Yoga.
In certain moment of the life, he goes to a forest and he sits down to the foot of a tree decided to only get up after having reached the ordeal that was known as the "awakening", phenomenon that would established his connection with the Infinite, when, then, he would become a Buddha. He stays in meditation for long period of time. He puts all their spiritual forces in the problem of the "liberation of the suffering." In their meditations, he notices first that the cycles from birth, deaths and reincarnations are governed by Karma, in other words, by the effects generated by the own person. After certain time of meditation, already "awake", already a Buddha, senses the 4 Truths about the inevitable pain, which was her origin and how to avoid her following the road of "Octuple Sacred Path."
THE FOUR TRUTHS OF BUDDHA
l. The suffering is a reality
2. There exists a cause for the suffering, described in "Pratytia Samutpada", the Buddhist psychology.
3. The suffering can be avoided
4. The only way of avoiding him is to follow the "Octuple Sacred Path."
PRATYTIA SAMUTPADA
the Buddhist psychology
(She presents the cause of the suffering)
Causes of the suffering, depending on the succession of reactions of the several departments of the internal operation:
l. Ignorance
2. Combination of instincts, that give the limit of the
3. Conscience of the Being, Conscience that determines the
4. Individual personality, that is built through the
5. Six psychic organs, being through these that is done
6. The contact with the objects, what produces
7. The sensation, that is different for each one and that wakes up
8. The desire that, by his turn, generates the
9. Attachment to the life, and this results in the
l0. Continuity of the life successions, which is done by the
11. Renaissance, by the
12. Dissolution and by the death
OCTUPLE SACRED PATH
Road for the surmount of the suffering:
1. Correct criterion, correct understanding of the episodes of the life, inclusive of the suffering
2. Correct thought, getting rid of the false values and strong Will to execute what we conclude as correct
3. Correct word. Not to lift slanders, not to disseminate rumors
4. Correct action. We are today that which our thoughts took us to be in the past
5. Correct profession. To examine the reflex of our profession in our fellow creatures and in the collectivity
6. Correct effort. Persistence to execute the correct decision
7. Correct attention, alertness, for not leaving the correct road
8. Correct meditation. Practice of Yoga to strengthen the mind, because it is her that commands our actions
Observation: In the year 213 ªC., Emperor Chin burned all of the bad comments and interpretation of the I-Ching, not suitable with the original.
PARAMITAS
Buddha synthesized, in Paramitas, the principles that will help us to travel the Octuple Sacred Path, in other words, the road that will free us from the wheel of the births and deaths.
1. Limitless charity (Dana-Paramita) - it includes not only all the forms of donating, as well as of sharing the goods and the happiness that we have
2. Limitless morality (Shila-Paramita) - it eliminates the bad feelings, as the hate, the greed, the envy and others linked to the Seven Capital Sins of the Christianity
3. Limitless patience (Kshanti-Paramita) - it brings the serenity to understand the actions practiced by others
4. Limitless perseverance (Virya Paramita) - not to give up the practice of the Law
5. Limitless meditation (Dhyana-Paramita) - it frees the man of the illusory and it leads him to the Reality
6. Limitless wisdom (Prajna-Paramita) - it takes the disciple to penetrate in depth the sense of the practice of each one of the Paramitas, not letting it to stay in the limited plan of the illusory world, elevating it for the level of the true Reality
Five meditations of Buddha
Only by the practice it is that the Truth will become real in our life.
Divine Gautama Buda said: Who surrenders to the vanity and is not devoted to the meditation, forgetting the true objective of the life and only seeking pleasures, one day will envy that which trained in the meditation Buddha taught to their disciples five great meditations:
The FIRST meditation is the one of the love, in which you should emit from your heart thoughts and votes of happiness and well fare for all the beings, including your enemies.
The SECOND meditation is the one of the compassion, in which you think about all the beings, sharing, in the imagination, their afflictions and anguishes, in such a way that your soul feels for them a deep compassion.
The THIRD meditation is the one of the happiness, in which you think about the prosperity of the other ones and you take delight with their delights.
The FOURTH meditation is about the impurity, in which you consider the bad consequences of the corruption, the effects of the sin and of the diseases. How they are fatal their consequences!
The FIFTH meditation is about the serenity, in which you rise above the love and the hate, above the tyranny and the oppression, above the abundance and the lacks, and you look at your own destiny which impartial calm and perfect peacefulness.
PRACTICING THESE MEDITATIONS, THE DISCIPLES OF BUDDHA ARRIVED TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE TRUTH.
COMMANDMENTS OF BUDDHA
Don't kill; respect every alive being.
Don't steal; help each one to enjoy the fruits of his work.
Avoid the whole impurity; live a chastity life.
Don't lie; be sincere and speak the truth with prudence; avoid that it does badly, that it hurts, speak discreetly and with tenderness. (Some say "I am frank" - but the intention is to hurt)
Don't lift false testimonies nor repeat them; examine the good Aspect of your brothers, so that you can defend them with honesty against their enemies.
Don't curse; speak with decency and dignity.
Don't waste time with vain words; speak with property or keep silent.
Don't have greed, nor envies; rejoice yourself with the neighbor's happiness.
Don't cultivate the hate, neither against that who slanders you, nor against that who does you badly.
You don't fall in the claws of the skepticism and of the mistake; free your spirit of the ignorance and search the Truth.
